| Red and blue water lily | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Nymphaea |
| Species: | N. nouchali |
| Binomial name | |
| Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f. |
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| Synonyms | |
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Nymphaea nouchali, commonly known as the Red and blue water lily, Blue star water lily, Star lotus, or by its synonym Nymphaea stellata, is a water lily of genus Nymphaea.
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This aquatic plant is native to the Indian Subcontinent area. It was spread to other countries already in ancient times and has been long valued as a garden flower in Thailand and Myanmar to decorate ponds and gardens.
In its natural state the Red and blue water-lily is found in static or slow-flowing aquatic habitats of little to moderate depth.
Nymphaea nouchali is a day blooming nonviviparous plant with submerged roots and stems. Part of the leaves are submerged, while others rise slightly above the surface. The leaves are round and green on top; they usually have a darker underside. The floating leaves have undulating edges that give them a crenellate appearance. Their size is about 20–23 cm and their spread is 0.9 to 1.8 m
This water-lily has a beautiful flower which is usually violet blue in color with reddish edges. Some varieties have white, purple, mauve or fuchsia-colored flowers. The flower has 4-5 sepals and 13-15 petals that have an angular appearance making the flower look star-shaped from above. The cup-like calyx has a diameter of 11–14 cm.
Nymphaea nouchali is the National flower of Bangladesh (where it is known as "Shapla") and Sri Lanka (where it is known as Nil Mānel or "Nil Mahanel").[1][2] Since "Nil" means ‘blue’ in Sinhala, the Sinhalese name of this plant is often rendered as "blue lotus" in English.
In Sri Lanka this plant usually grows in buffalo ponds and natural wetlands. Its beautiful aquatic flower has been mentioned in Sanskrit, Pali and Sinhala literary works since ancient times under the names "Kuvalaya", "Indhīwara", "Niluppala", "Nilothpala" and "Nilupul" as a symbol of virtue, discipline and purity. Buddhist lore in Sri Lanka claims that this flower was one of the 108 auspicious signs found on Prince Siddhartha's footprint.[3] It is said that when Buddha died, lotus flowers blossomed everywhere he had walked in his lifetime.
The star lotus might have been one of the plants eaten by the Lotophagi of Homer's Odyssey.
The Red and blue water-lily is used as an ornamental plant because of its spectacular flowers. It is also popular as an aquarium plant under the name "Dwarf Lily" or "Dwarf Red Lily".[4] Sometimes it is grown for its flowers, while other aquarists prefer to trim the lily pads, and just have the underwater foliage.
Nymphaea nouchali is considered a medicinal plant in Indian Ayurvedic medicine under the name Ambal; it was mainly used to treat indigestion.[5] Recent experiments have confirmed that it has medicinal qualities as an antihepatotoxic and antidiabetic.[6][7] Like all waterlilies or lotuses, its tubers and rhizomes can be used as food items; they are eaten usually boiled or roasted. In the case of the Red and blue water-lily, its tender leaves and flower peduncles are also valued as food.[8]
The dried plant is collected from ponds, tanks and marshes during the dry season and used in India as animal forage.[9]
Nymphaea Nouchali also known "Shapla" a national flower and icon of Bangladesh. The national flower of Bangladesh is Shapla (Water Lily). Shapla is a flower floating at ease in almost every water bodies of Bangladesh. Beels haors, brooks, ponds etc. are abodes of this flower. There are two types of Shapla differing in color. One is white and the other is pink. Other than adding to the beauty of Bangladesh, Shapla is a delicious item of food for Bangladeshis. Rural people consume it as curry. Children are also fond of eating the stem and the fruit even green. Bangladeshis adore this flower which is expressed better by making a dummy of Shapla called Shapla Chattar at Motijheel in Dhaka. Leton, Houston, TX